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          LV06-03-网络编程-11-UNIX域套接字
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center" width=150px>Windows</td>        <td align="left">windows11</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Ubuntu</td>        <td align="left">Ubuntu16.04的64位版本</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">VMware® Workstation 16 Pro</td>        <td align="left">16.2.3 build-19376536</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">SecureCRT</td>        <td align="left">Version 8.7.2 (x64 build 2214)   -   正式版-2020年5月14日</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子 i.MX6ULL Linux阿尔法开发板</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">uboot</td>        <td align="left">NXP官方提供的uboot，NXP提供的版本为uboot-imx-rel_imx_4.1.15_2.1.0_ga(使用的uboot版本为U-Boot 2016.03)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">linux内核</td>        <td align="left">linux-4.15(NXP官方提供)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">STM32开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子战舰V3(STM32F103ZET6)</td>      </tr></table>
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              <table>    <tr><td align="center">参考方向  </td><td align="center">参考原文</td></tr>    <tr><td align="center">---</td><td align="left"><a href="" target="_blank">--- <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></td></tr></table>
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<h1 id="一、UNIX域套接字简介"><a href="#一、UNIX域套接字简介" class="headerlink" title="一、UNIX域套接字简介"></a><font size=3>一、<code>UNIX</code>域套接字简介</font></h1><h2 id="1-概述"><a href="#1-概述" class="headerlink" title="1. 概述"></a><font size=3>1. 概述</font></h2><p>关于<code>UNIX</code>域套接字的概念，我在维基百科中看到是这样定义的：</p>
<p> <code>Unix domain socket</code> 或者 <code>IPC socket</code>是一种终端，可以使<strong>同一台操作系统上的两个或多个进程进行数据通信</strong>。与管道相比，<code>Unix domain sockets</code> 既可以使用字节流，又可以使用数据队列，而管道通信则只能使用字节流。<code>Unix domain sockets</code>的接口和<code>Internet socket</code>很像，但它不使用网络底层协议来通信。</p>
<p><code>Unix domain socket</code> 的功能是<code>POSIX</code>操作系统里的一种组件。<code>Unix domain sockets</code> <strong>使用系统文件的地址来作为自己的身份</strong>。它可以被系统进程引用。所以两个进程可以同时打开一个<code>Unix domain sockets</code>来进行通信。不过这种通信方式是发生在系统内核里而不会在网络里传播。</p>
<p>需要注意的是，它只能用于同一设备上不同进程之间的通信。</p>
<h2 id="2-进程间通信方式比较"><a href="#2-进程间通信方式比较" class="headerlink" title="2. 进程间通信方式比较"></a><font size=3>2. 进程间通信方式比较</font></h2><p>在前边，我们学习了在同一个操作系统中多个进程之间通信的方式，如管道、消息队列、共享内存等，关于<code>UNIX</code>域套接字则也是一种进程间的通信方式。</p>
<ul>
<li>易用性</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">消息队列 &gt; UNIX域套接字 &gt; 管道 &gt; 共享内存(经常要和信号量一起使用)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li>效率</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">共享内存 &gt;  UNIX域套接字 &gt; 管道 &gt; 消息队列</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>综合考虑的话，一般同一个操作系统上进程的通信，共享内存和<code>UNIX</code>域套接字用的会更多一些。</p>
<h2 id="3-UNIX域套接字分类"><a href="#3-UNIX域套接字分类" class="headerlink" title="3. UNIX域套接字分类"></a><font size=3>3. <code>UNIX</code>域套接字分类</font></h2><p><code>UNIX</code>域套接字可分为<strong>流式套接字</strong>和<strong>用户数据报</strong>套接字，分别使用<code>TCP</code>协议和<code>UDP</code>协议，这这两种<code>UNIX</code>套接字的创建也都是通过<code>socket()</code>函数创建，创建套接字时使用本地协议<code>AF_UNIX</code>(或<code>AF_LOCAL</code>)。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> socket_fd = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, <span class="number">0</span>); <span class="comment">/* TCP */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> socket_fd =  socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, <span class="number">0</span>); <span class="comment">/* UDP */</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h1 id="二、UNIX域套接字编程流程"><a href="#二、UNIX域套接字编程流程" class="headerlink" title="二、UNIX域套接字编程流程"></a><font size=3>二、<code>UNIX</code>域套接字编程流程</font></h1><h2 id="1-UNIX域流式套接字"><a href="#1-UNIX域流式套接字" class="headerlink" title="1. UNIX域流式套接字"></a><font size=3>1. <code>UNIX</code>域流式套接字</font></h2><h3 id="1-1-编程步骤"><a href="#1-1-编程步骤" class="headerlink" title="1.1 编程步骤"></a><font size=3>1.1 编程步骤</font></h3><p>我们先来看一下<code>UNIX</code>域套接字中的流式套接字的编程流程，其实跟<code>TCP</code>编程的流程是一样的：</p>
<div class="tabs" id="tabname1"><ul class="nav-tabs"><li class="tab active"><a href="#tabname1-1">客户端</a></li><li class="tab"><a href="#tabname1-2">服务器端</a></li></ul><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-pane active" id="tabname1-1"><p>（1）调用<code>socket()</code>函数打开套接字，得到套接字描述符，注意这里的协议族就要选择<code>AF_LOCAL</code>或<code>AF_UNIX</code>了；</p>
<p>（2）检测<code>UNIX</code>于套接字需要使用的本地文件是否存在且可写，如果不存在就退出；</p>
<p>（3）调用<code>bind()</code>函数将套接字绑定，此处绑定便不再是<code>Ip</code>地址，而是绑定两个进程通信所使用的的那个本地文件路径（这一步是可选的，对于这种通信，一般会省略）；</p>
<p>（4）调用<code>connect()</code>函数向服务器发送连接请求并建立连接；</p>
<p>（5）调用<code>read/recv、write/send</code>与客户端进行通信；</p>
<p>（6）调用<code>close()</code>关闭套接字。</p></div><div class="tab-pane" id="tabname1-2"><p>（1）调用<code>socket()</code>函数打开套接字，得到套接字描述符；</p>
<p>（2）检测<code>UNIX</code>于套接字需要使用的本地文件是否存在，若存在，则删除这个文件；</p>
<p>（3）调用<code>bind()</code>函数绑定，此处绑定便不再是<code>Ip</code>地址，而是绑定两个进程通信所使用的的那个本地文件路径，使用的是<code>struct sockaddr_un</code>结构体，在这一步，应该会创建这个本地文件；</p>
<p>（4）调用<code>listen()</code>函数让服务器进程进入监听状态；</p>
<p>（5）调用<code>accept()</code>函数获取客户端的连接请求并建立连接，若无客户端请求连接，这里会进行阻塞等待；</p>
<p>（6）调用<code>read/recv、write/send</code>与客户端进行通信；</p>
<p>（7）调用<code>close()</code>关闭套接字。</p></div></div></div>

<h3 id="1-2-编程流程图"><a href="#1-2-编程流程图" class="headerlink" title="1.2 编程流程图"></a><font size=3>1.2 编程流程图</font></h3><p>&emsp;流程图如下：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV06-%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B/LV06-03-%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B-11-UNIX%E5%9F%9F%E5%A5%97%E6%8E%A5%E5%AD%97/img/image-20220627064517694.png" alt="image-20220627064517694" style="zoom: 43%;" />

<h2 id="2-UNIX域用户数据报套接字"><a href="#2-UNIX域用户数据报套接字" class="headerlink" title="2. UNIX域用户数据报套接字"></a><font size=3>2. <code>UNIX</code>域用户数据报套接字</font></h2><h3 id="2-1-编程步骤"><a href="#2-1-编程步骤" class="headerlink" title="2.1 编程步骤"></a><font size=3>2.1 编程步骤</font></h3><p>我们先来看一下<code>UNIX</code>域套接字中的用户数据报套接字的编程流程，其实跟<code>UDP</code>编程的流程是一样的：</p>
<div class="tabs" id="tabname2"><ul class="nav-tabs"><li class="tab active"><a href="#tabname2-1">客户端</a></li><li class="tab"><a href="#tabname2-2">服务器端</a></li></ul><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-pane active" id="tabname2-1"><p>（1）创建 <code>UDP</code>协议的 <code>socket</code>套接字，用<code>socket()</code>函数，注意协议族就要选择<code>AF_LOCAL</code>或<code>AF_UNIX</code>了，套接字类型选择<code>SOCK_DGRAM</code>。</p>
<p>（2）设置<code>socket</code>的属性，用<code>setsockopt()</code>函数（可选）；</p>
<p>（3）检测<code>UNIX</code>于套接字需要使用的本地文件是否存在且可写，如果不存在就退出；</p>
<p>（4）<code>socket</code>绑定系统本地文件路径， <code>struct sockaddr_un</code>结构体，用<code>bind()</code>函数（这一步是可选的，对于这种通信，一般会省略）；</p>
<p>（5）用<code>sendto()</code> 函数往指定的系统文件发送信息，相当于向这个文件写入数据了；</p>
<p>（6）关闭<code>socket</code>套接字。</p></div><div class="tab-pane" id="tabname2-2"><p>（1）创建<code>UDP</code>协议的 <code>socket</code>套接字，用<code>socket()</code>函数，注意协议族就要选择<code>AF_LOCAL</code>或<code>AF_UNIX</code>，套接字类型选择<code>SOCK_DGRAM</code>。</p>
<p>（2）设置<code>socket</code>的属性，用<code>setsockopt()</code>函数（可选）。</p>
<p>（3）检测<code>UNIX</code>于套接字需要使用的本地文件是否存在，若存在，则删除这个文件；</p>
<p>（4）<code>socket</code>绑定系统本地文件路径， <code>struct sockaddr_un</code>结构体，用<code>bind()</code>函数，在这一步，应该会创建这个本地文件；。</p>
<p>（5）循环接收消息，用<code>recvfrom()</code>函数。</p>
<p>（6）关闭<code>socket</code>套接字。</p></div></div></div>

<h3 id="2-2-编程流程图"><a href="#2-2-编程流程图" class="headerlink" title="2.2 编程流程图"></a><font size=3>2.2 编程流程图</font></h3><p>流程图如下：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV06-%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B/LV06-03-%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B-11-UNIX%E5%9F%9F%E5%A5%97%E6%8E%A5%E5%AD%97/img/image-20220706102354074.png" alt="image-20220706102354074" style="zoom:50%;" />

<h1 id="三、两个函数和一个结构体"><a href="#三、两个函数和一个结构体" class="headerlink" title="三、两个函数和一个结构体"></a><font size=3>三、两个函数和一个结构体</font></h1><h2 id="1-struct-sockaddr-un"><a href="#1-struct-sockaddr-un" class="headerlink" title="1. struct sockaddr_un"></a><font size=3>1. <code>struct sockaddr_un</code></font></h2><p>在这里我们使用<code>bind</code>函数绑定的时候，需要使用到的结构体为<code>struct sockaddr_un</code>，我们使用以下命令打开帮助手册：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">man 7 unix</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后我们便会发现该结构体的定义：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sys/un.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 结构体定义 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">sockaddr_un</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">sa_family_t</span> sun_family;               <span class="comment">/* AF_UNIX */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span>        sun_path[<span class="number">108</span>];            <span class="comment">/* Pathname */</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【成员说明】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>sun_family</code>：<code>sa_family_t</code>类型，协议族，该字段只能是<code>AF_UNIX</code>或者<code>AF_lOCAL</code>。</li>
<li><code>sun_path</code>：<code>char</code>类型，一个本地系统文件的绝对路径名，通常该文件会被放在<code>/tmp</code>路径下。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>【使用格式】</strong>一般使用格式如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE <span class="string">&quot;/tmp/filename&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">sockaddr_un</span> <span class="title">sun</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">bzero (&amp;sun, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span> (sun)); <span class="comment">/* 将内存块（字符串）的前n个字节清零 */</span></span><br><span class="line">sun.sun_family = AF_LOCAL;   <span class="comment">/* 协议族 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">strncpy</span>(sun.sun_path, UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE, <span class="built_in">strlen</span>(UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE));</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span>(connect(socket_fd, (<span class="keyword">struct</span> sockaddr *)&amp;sun, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(sun)) &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	perror(<span class="string">&quot;connect&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">exit</span>(<span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【注意事项】</strong></p>
<p>（1）<code>sun_path</code>成员指向的文件必须事先不存在，一般给到的是一个绝对路径。</p>
<p>（2）不同的两个进程通过<code>UNIX</code>域套接字通信时，借助<code>sun_path</code>指向的文件完成通信，通过这个文件将两个进程联系起来，跟有名管道挺像的。</p>
<h2 id="2-access"><a href="#2-access" class="headerlink" title="2. access()"></a><font size=3>2. <code>access()</code></font></h2><h3 id="2-1-函数说明"><a href="#2-1-函数说明" class="headerlink" title="2.1 函数说明"></a><font size=3>2.1 函数说明</font></h3><p>在<code>linux</code>下可以使用<code>man 2 access</code>命令查看该函数的帮助手册。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;unistd.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 函数声明 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">access</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> *pathname, <span class="type">int</span> mode)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【函数说明】</strong>该函数可以用于检测指定文件是否具有相关权限。</p>
<p><strong>【函数参数】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>pathname</code>：<code>char</code>类型指针变量，表示文件名（可以包含文件路径），如果<code>pathname</code>是一个符号链接，它将被解除引用。</li>
<li><code>mode</code>：<code>int</code>类型，表示要检测的权限。</li>
</ul>
<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看 mode 常用取值 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <p>下边后边三种值可以多个进行组合，可以使用<code>|</code>连接。</p><table>    <tr><td align="center" width=150px>F_OK</td><td align="left">判断文件是否存在</td></tr>    <tr><td align="center" width=150px>X_OK</td><td align="left">判断对文件是可执行权限</td></tr>    <tr><td align="center" width=150px>W_OK</td><td align="left">判断对文件是否有写权限</td></tr>    <tr><td align="center" width=150px>R_OK</td><td align="left">判断对文件是否有读权限</td></tr></table>
              </div>
            </details>

<p><strong>【返回值】</strong><code>int</code>类型，成功返回<code>0</code>，失败返回<code>-1</code>，并设置<code>errno</code>表示错误类型。</p>
<p><strong>【使用格式】</strong>一般情况下基本使用格式如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需要包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;unistd.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 至少应该有的语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span>(!access(<span class="string">&quot;filename&quot;</span>, F_OK)) </span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	...</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【注意事项】</strong><code>none</code></p>
<h3 id="2-2-使用实例"><a href="#2-2-使用实例" class="headerlink" title="2.2 使用实例"></a><font size=3>2.2 使用实例</font></h3><p>暂无</p>
<h2 id="3-unlink"><a href="#3-unlink" class="headerlink" title="3. unlink()"></a><font size=3>3. <code>unlink()</code></font></h2><h3 id="3-1-函数说明"><a href="#3-1-函数说明" class="headerlink" title="3.1 函数说明"></a><font size=3>3.1 函数说明</font></h3><p>在<code>linux</code>下可以使用<code>man 2 unlink</code>命令查看该函数的帮助手册。</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;unistd.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 函数声明 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">unlink</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">const</span> <span class="type">char</span> *pathname)</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【函数说明】</strong>该函数可以用于删除指定文件。</p>
<p><strong>【函数参数】</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><code>pathname</code>：<code>char</code>类型指针变量，表示文件名（可以包含文件路径）。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>【返回值】</strong><code>int</code>类型，成功返回<code>0</code>，失败返回<code>-1</code>，并设置<code>errno</code>表示错误类型。</p>
<p><strong>【使用格式】</strong>一般情况下基本使用格式如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 需要包含的头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;unistd.h&gt;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 至少应该有的语句 */</span></span><br><span class="line">unlink(<span class="string">&quot;filename&quot;</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>【注意事项】</strong></p>
<p>（1）如果该名称是文件的最后一个链接，并且没有进程打开该文件，那么该文件将被删除，它所使用的空间将供重用。</p>
<p>（2）如果该名称是指向文件的最后一个链接，但任何进程仍然打开该文件，则该文件将一直存在，直到引用它的最后一个文件描述符关闭。</p>
<p>（3）如果名称指向了一个符号链接，则会删除该链接。</p>
<p>（4）如果该名称指向套接字、<code>FIFO</code>或设备，则该名称将被删除，但打开该对象的进程可以继续使用该名称。</p>
<h3 id="3-2-使用实例"><a href="#3-2-使用实例" class="headerlink" title="3.2 使用实例"></a><font size=3>3.2 使用实例</font></h3><h1 id="四、编程实例"><a href="#四、编程实例" class="headerlink" title="四、编程实例"></a><font size=3>四、编程实例</font></h1><h2 id="1-TCP协议"><a href="#1-TCP协议" class="headerlink" title="1. TCP协议"></a><font size=3>1. <code>TCP</code>协议</font></h2><h3 id="1-1-server服务器端"><a href="#1-1-server服务器端" class="headerlink" title="1.1 server服务器端"></a><font size=3>1.1 <code>server</code>服务器端</font></h3><p>这里就不要再打印客户端的信息了，我试了通过<code>accept</code>函数返回的那个结构体，什么也没打印出来，目前重点不在这里，后边明白了再补充吧。</p>
<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实例 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span 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class="line">151</span><br><span class="line">152</span><br><span class="line">153</span><br><span class="line">154</span><br><span class="line">155</span><br><span class="line">156</span><br><span class="line">157</span><br><span class="line">158</span><br><span class="line">159</span><br><span class="line">160</span><br><span class="line">161</span><br><span class="line">162</span><br><span class="line">163</span><br><span class="line">164</span><br><span class="line">165</span><br><span class="line">166</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/** =====================================================</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Copyright © hk. 2022-2022. All rights reserved.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * File name: server.c</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Author   : fanhua</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Description: server服务器端——UNIX域套接字(select,TCP)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * ======================================================</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span>      <span class="comment">/* perror */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdlib.h&gt;</span>     <span class="comment">/* exit atoi */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;errno.h&gt;</span>      <span class="comment">/* errno号 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sys/types.h&gt;</span>  <span class="comment">/* socket           bind listen accept send */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sys/socket.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">/* socket inet_addr bind listen accept send */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;strings.h&gt;</span>    <span class="comment">/* bzero */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;arpa/inet.h&gt;</span>  <span class="comment">/* htons  inet_addr inet_pton */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;netinet/in.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">/* ntohs  inet_addr inet_ntop*/</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;unistd.h&gt;</span>     <span class="comment">/* close */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;string.h&gt;</span>     <span class="comment">/* strlen strcat*/</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sys/select.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">/* select */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sys/un.h&gt;</span>    <span class="comment">/* struct sockaddr_un */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE <span class="string">&quot;/tmp/my_domain_file.1&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">usage</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">char</span> *str)</span>; <span class="comment">/* 提示信息打印函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1.参数判断 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span> (argc != <span class="number">2</span>)<span class="comment">/* 参数数量不对时打印提示信息 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		usage(argv[<span class="number">0</span>]);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">exit</span>(<span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 2.创建套接字，得到socket描述符 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> socket_fd = <span class="number">-1</span>; <span class="comment">/* 接收服务器端socket描述符 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>((socket_fd = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, <span class="number">0</span>)) &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)<span class="comment">/* SOCK_STREAM,使用TCP协议 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		perror(<span class="string">&quot;socket&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">exit</span>(<span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 3.网络属性设置 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 3.1允许绑定地址快速重用 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> b_reuse = <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	setsockopt(socket_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &amp;b_reuse, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span> (<span class="type">int</span>));</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 4.将套接字与指定本地文件绑定 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 4.1填充struct sockaddr_in结构体变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">sockaddr_un</span> <span class="title">sun</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">	bzero (&amp;sun, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(sun));</span><br><span class="line">	sun.sun_family = AF_LOCAL;<span class="comment">/* 协议族选择 AF_LOCAL */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(access(UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE, F_OK) == <span class="number">0</span>) <span class="comment">/* 如果UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE所指向的文件存在，则删除 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		unlink(UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">strncpy</span>(sun.sun_path, UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE, <span class="built_in">strlen</span>( UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE) + <span class="number">1</span>); <span class="comment">/* 填充本地文件地址 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 4.2绑定 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(bind(socket_fd, (<span class="keyword">struct</span> sockaddr *)&amp;sun, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(sun)) &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		perror(<span class="string">&quot;bind&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">exit</span>(<span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 5.调用listen()把主动套接字变成被动套接字 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span> (listen(socket_fd, <span class="number">5</span>) &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		perror(<span class="string">&quot;listen&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">exit</span>(<span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span> (<span class="string">&quot;Server starting....OK!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 6.阻塞等待客户端连接请求相关变量定义 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> newfd = <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">sockaddr_un</span> <span class="title">clientSun</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">socklen_t</span> addrlen = <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(clientSun);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 7.数据读写相关变量定义 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> ret = <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> buf[BUFSIZ]; <span class="comment">/* BUFSIZ是在stdio.h中定义的一个宏，值为8192 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> replay[BUFSIZ];</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 8.select实现多路复用相关变量定义 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> i = <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	fd_set rset, cpy_rset;   <span class="comment">/* 用于检测读状态的文件描述符集 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> maxfd = <span class="number">-1</span>;<span class="comment">/* 最大文件描述符编号 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">timeval</span> <span class="title">tout</span>;</span><span class="comment">/* 超时时间结构体变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	tout.tv_sec = <span class="number">5</span>;    <span class="comment">/* 超时时间秒数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	tout.tv_usec = <span class="number">0</span>;   <span class="comment">/* 超时时间微秒数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	FD_ZERO(&amp;rset);     <span class="comment">/* 初始化文件描述符集 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	FD_SET(socket_fd, &amp;rset);</span><br><span class="line">	maxfd = socket_fd;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 9.数据处理 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">while</span>(<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		FD_ZERO(&amp;cpy_rset);</span><br><span class="line">		cpy_rset = rset;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 9.1调用select开始检测文件描述符 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		ret = select(maxfd + <span class="number">1</span>, &amp;cpy_rset, <span class="literal">NULL</span>, <span class="literal">NULL</span>, &amp;tout);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(ret &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			perror(<span class="string">&quot;select&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">continue</span>;</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 9.2遍历返回后的文件描述符集 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">for</span>(i = <span class="number">0</span>; i &lt; maxfd + <span class="number">1</span>; i++)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">if</span>(FD_ISSET(i, &amp;cpy_rset))</span><br><span class="line">			&#123;</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="comment">/* 有新的连接请求时的处理 */</span></span><br><span class="line">				<span class="keyword">if</span>(i == socket_fd)</span><br><span class="line">				&#123;</span><br><span class="line">					<span class="comment">/* 这里获取的传出的参数似乎没有什么意义（暂时并未追究原因） */</span></span><br><span class="line">					<span class="keyword">if</span> ((newfd = accept(socket_fd, (<span class="keyword">struct</span> sockaddr *)&amp;clientSun, &amp;addrlen)) &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">					&#123;</span><br><span class="line">						perror(<span class="string">&quot;accept&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">						<span class="built_in">exit</span>(<span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">					&#125;</span><br><span class="line">					FD_SET(newfd, &amp;rset);<span class="comment">/* 添加到文件描述符集 */</span></span><br><span class="line">					<span class="keyword">if</span>(maxfd &lt; newfd) maxfd = newfd;<span class="comment">/* 更新maxfd */</span></span><br><span class="line">					<span class="built_in">printf</span> (<span class="string">&quot;UNIX domain clinet is connected successfully![newfd=%d]\n&quot;</span>, newfd);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">				&#125;</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="comment">/* 读取数据并返回 */</span></span><br><span class="line">				&#123;</span><br><span class="line">					bzero(buf, BUFSIZ);</span><br><span class="line">					bzero(replay, BUFSIZ);</span><br><span class="line">					<span class="keyword">do</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">						ret = read(i, buf, BUFSIZ - <span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">					&#125;<span class="keyword">while</span>(ret &lt; <span class="number">0</span> &amp;&amp; EINTR == errno);</span><br><span class="line">					<span class="keyword">if</span>(ret &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">					&#123;</span><br><span class="line">						perror(<span class="string">&quot;read&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">						<span class="built_in">exit</span>(<span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">					&#125;</span><br><span class="line">					<span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">					&#123;</span><br><span class="line">						<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Receive data[client_fd=%d]: %s&quot;</span>, i, buf);</span><br><span class="line">						<span class="keyword">if</span> (!strncasecmp (buf, <span class="string">&quot;quit&quot;</span>, <span class="built_in">strlen</span>(<span class="string">&quot;quit&quot;</span>)))  <span class="comment">//用户输入了quit字符</span></span><br><span class="line">						&#123;	</span><br><span class="line">							FD_CLR(i, &amp;rset);</span><br><span class="line">							close(i);</span><br><span class="line">							<span class="built_in">printf</span> (<span class="string">&quot;Client(fd=%d) is exiting!\n&quot;</span>, i);</span><br><span class="line">							<span class="keyword">continue</span>;</span><br><span class="line">						&#125;</span><br><span class="line">						<span class="built_in">strcat</span>(replay, buf);</span><br><span class="line">						ret = send(i, replay, <span class="built_in">strlen</span>(replay), <span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line">						<span class="keyword">if</span>(ret &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">						&#123;</span><br><span class="line">							perror(<span class="string">&quot;send&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">							<span class="keyword">continue</span>;</span><br><span class="line">						&#125;</span><br><span class="line">					&#125;</span><br><span class="line">				&#125;</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125; </span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 10.关闭文件描述符 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	close(socket_fd);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: usage</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 用户提示信息打印函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param str : 当前应用程序命令字符串，一般是./app</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return  : none</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">usage</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">char</span> *str)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span> (<span class="string">&quot;\n%s unix_domain_file\n\n&quot;</span>, str);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h3 id="1-2-client客户端"><a href="#1-2-client客户端" class="headerlink" title="1.2 client客户端"></a><font size=3>1.2 <code>client</code>客户端</font></h3><p>注意这里就不要使用<code>bind</code>绑定跟服务器相同的文件了，否则可能会报以下错误：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">bind: Address already in use</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>具体原因吧，没有深究，目前重点不在这里，后边遇到了再补充吧。</p>
<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看实例 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span 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class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br><span class="line">93</span><br><span class="line">94</span><br><span class="line">95</span><br><span class="line">96</span><br><span class="line">97</span><br><span class="line">98</span><br><span class="line">99</span><br><span class="line">100</span><br><span class="line">101</span><br><span class="line">102</span><br><span class="line">103</span><br><span class="line">104</span><br><span class="line">105</span><br><span class="line">106</span><br><span class="line">107</span><br><span class="line">108</span><br><span class="line">109</span><br><span class="line">110</span><br><span class="line">111</span><br><span class="line">112</span><br><span class="line">113</span><br><span class="line">114</span><br><span class="line">115</span><br><span class="line">116</span><br><span class="line">117</span><br><span class="line">118</span><br><span class="line">119</span><br><span class="line">120</span><br><span class="line">121</span><br><span class="line">122</span><br><span class="line">123</span><br><span class="line">124</span><br><span class="line">125</span><br><span class="line">126</span><br><span class="line">127</span><br><span class="line">128</span><br><span class="line">129</span><br><span class="line">130</span><br><span class="line">131</span><br><span class="line">132</span><br><span class="line">133</span><br><span class="line">134</span><br><span class="line">135</span><br><span class="line">136</span><br><span class="line">137</span><br><span class="line">138</span><br><span class="line">139</span><br><span class="line">140</span><br><span class="line">141</span><br><span class="line">142</span><br><span class="line">143</span><br><span class="line">144</span><br><span class="line">145</span><br><span class="line">146</span><br><span class="line">147</span><br><span class="line">148</span><br><span class="line">149</span><br><span class="line">150</span><br><span class="line">151</span><br><span class="line">152</span><br><span class="line">153</span><br><span class="line">154</span><br><span class="line">155</span><br><span class="line">156</span><br><span class="line">157</span><br><span class="line">158</span><br><span class="line">159</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/** =====================================================</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Copyright © hk. 2022-2022. All rights reserved.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * File name: cilent.c</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Author   : fanhua</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * Description: client客户端程序——UNIX域套接字(select,TCP)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * ======================================================</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 头文件 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdio.h&gt;</span>     <span class="comment">/* perror fgets */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;stdlib.h&gt;</span>    <span class="comment">/* exit atoi*/</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;errno.h&gt;</span>     <span class="comment">/* errno号 */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;unistd.h&gt;</span>    <span class="comment">/* write close */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sys/types.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">/* socket           connect send */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sys/socket.h&gt;</span><span class="comment">/* socket inet_addr connect send */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;netinet/in.h&gt;</span><span class="comment">/* inet_addr */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;arpa/inet.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">/* inet_addr inet_pton htonl*/</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;string.h&gt;</span>    <span class="comment">/* bzero strncasecmp strlen */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sys/select.h&gt;</span> <span class="comment">/* select */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">include</span> <span class="string">&lt;sys/un.h&gt;</span>    <span class="comment">/* struct sockaddr_un */</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">#<span class="keyword">define</span> UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE <span class="string">&quot;/tmp/my_domain_file.1&quot;</span></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">usage</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">char</span> *str)</span>; <span class="comment">/* 提示信息打印函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/* 主函数 */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">int</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">int</span> argc, <span class="type">char</span> *argv[])</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 1.参数判断及端口号处理 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(argc != <span class="number">2</span>)<span class="comment">/* 参数数量不对时打印提示信息 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		usage(argv[<span class="number">0</span>]);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">exit</span>(<span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 2.打开套接字，得到套接字描述符 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> socket_fd = <span class="number">-1</span>;  <span class="comment">/* 接收服务器端socket描述符 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span> ((socket_fd = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, <span class="number">0</span>)) &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		perror (<span class="string">&quot;socket&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">exit</span>(<span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 3.网络属性设置 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 允许绑定地址快速重用 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> b_reuse = <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	setsockopt(socket_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &amp;b_reuse, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span> (<span class="type">int</span>));</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 4.绑定固定的本地文件地址 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 4.1填充 struct sockaddr_un 结构体变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">sockaddr_un</span> <span class="title">sun</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line">	bzero (&amp;sun, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(sun));</span><br><span class="line">	sun.sun_family = AF_LOCAL;<span class="comment">/* 协议族选择 AF_LOCAL */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>( access(UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE, F_OK| W_OK) &lt; <span class="number">0</span>) <span class="comment">/* 确保要绑定的本地文件要先存在并且可写，不存在则退出 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">exit</span>(<span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">strncpy</span>(sun.sun_path, UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE, <span class="built_in">strlen</span>( UNIX_DOMAIN_FILE) + <span class="number">1</span>); <span class="comment">/* 填充本地文件地址 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 4.2绑定 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// if(bind(socket_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&amp;sun, sizeof(sun)) &lt; 0)</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// perror(&quot;bind&quot;);</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">// exit(-1);</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">// &#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 5.连接服务器 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">if</span>(connect(socket_fd, (<span class="keyword">struct</span> sockaddr *)&amp;sun, <span class="keyword">sizeof</span>(sun)) &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		perror(<span class="string">&quot;connect&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="built_in">exit</span>(<span class="number">-1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;Unix domain client staring...OK!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 6.数据读写相关变量定义 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> ret = <span class="number">-1</span>;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> buf[BUFSIZ]; <span class="comment">/* BUFSIZ是在stdio.h中定义的一个宏，值为8192 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">char</span> replay[BUFSIZ];</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 7.select实现多路复用相关变量定义 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	fd_set rset;   <span class="comment">/* 用于检测读状态的文件描述符集 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="type">int</span> maxfd = <span class="number">-1</span>;<span class="comment">/* 最大文件描述符编号 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="class"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="title">timeval</span> <span class="title">tout</span>;</span><span class="comment">/* 超时时间结构体变量 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	tout.tv_sec = <span class="number">5</span>;   <span class="comment">/* 设置超时时间秒数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	tout.tv_usec = <span class="number">0</span>;  <span class="comment">/* 设置超时时间微秒数 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 8.开始数据传输 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">while</span> (<span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line">	&#123;</span><br><span class="line">		FD_ZERO(&amp;rset);    <span class="comment">/* 清空文件描述符集 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		FD_SET(<span class="number">0</span>, &amp;rset);  <span class="comment">/* 将文件描述符0(标准输入)添加到文件描述符集 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		FD_SET(socket_fd, &amp;rset); <span class="comment">/* 将用于监听的socket套接字添加到文件描述符集 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		maxfd = socket_fd;        <span class="comment">/* 重置最大文件描述符集大小 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 8.1开始检测文件描述符 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		ret = select(maxfd + <span class="number">1</span>, &amp;rset, <span class="literal">NULL</span>, <span class="literal">NULL</span>, &amp;tout);</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(ret &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			perror(<span class="string">&quot;select&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">continue</span>;</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 8.2标准键盘文件描述符就绪时的处理 */</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(FD_ISSET(<span class="number">0</span>, &amp;rset))</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			bzero(buf, BUFSIZ);<span class="comment">/* 清空buf */</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">do</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">				ret = read(<span class="number">0</span>, buf, BUFSIZ - <span class="number">1</span>);<span class="comment">/* 从标准输入获取数据 */</span></span><br><span class="line">			&#125;<span class="keyword">while</span>(ret &lt; <span class="number">0</span> &amp;&amp; EINTR == errno);</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">if</span> (ret &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)<span class="comment">/* 获取数据失败 */</span></span><br><span class="line">			&#123;</span><br><span class="line">				perror (<span class="string">&quot;read() from stdin&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="keyword">continue</span>;</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="comment">/* 获取数据成功，但是标准输入中没有数据，不需要写入，继续循环即可 */</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">if</span> (!ret) <span class="keyword">continue</span>;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="comment">/* 向服务器发送数据 */</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">if</span>(write(socket_fd, buf, <span class="built_in">strlen</span>(buf)) &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)<span class="comment">/* 将从标准输入获取的数据写入到UNIX域套接字中 */</span></span><br><span class="line">			&#123;</span><br><span class="line">				perror(<span class="string">&quot;write to socket error&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="keyword">continue</span>;</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="comment">/* 判断是否需要退出 */</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">if</span> (!strncasecmp(buf, <span class="string">&quot;quit&quot;</span>, <span class="built_in">strlen</span> (<span class="string">&quot;quit&quot;</span>)))  	<span class="comment">//用户输入了quit字符</span></span><br><span class="line">			&#123;</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="built_in">printf</span> (<span class="string">&quot;Client is exiting!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="keyword">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;</span><br><span class="line">			</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		<span class="comment">/* 8.3socket文件描述符就绪时的处理(服务器有数据发送过来) */</span></span><br><span class="line">		<span class="keyword">if</span>(FD_ISSET(socket_fd, &amp;rset))</span><br><span class="line">		&#123;</span><br><span class="line">			bzero (replay, BUFSIZ);</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">do</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">				ret = recv(socket_fd, replay, BUFSIZ, <span class="number">0</span>);</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;<span class="keyword">while</span> (ret &lt; <span class="number">0</span> &amp;&amp; EINTR == errno);</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">if</span>(ret &lt; <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">			&#123;</span><br><span class="line">				perror(<span class="string">&quot;recv&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="keyword">continue</span>;</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="comment">/* 若服务器已关闭，则直接退出客户端 */</span></span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">if</span>(ret == <span class="number">0</span>) <span class="keyword">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="built_in">printf</span>(<span class="string">&quot;server replay:%s&quot;</span>, replay);</span><br><span class="line">			<span class="keyword">if</span>(!strncasecmp(buf, <span class="string">&quot;quit&quot;</span>, <span class="built_in">strlen</span>(<span class="string">&quot;quit&quot;</span>)))</span><br><span class="line">			&#123;</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="built_in">printf</span> (<span class="string">&quot;Sender Client is exiting... ...!\n&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">				<span class="keyword">break</span>;</span><br><span class="line">			&#125;</span><br><span class="line">		&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	&#125;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="comment">/* 6.关闭文件描述符 */</span></span><br><span class="line">	close(socket_fd);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Function: usage</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @Description: 用户提示信息打印函数</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @param str : 当前应用程序命令字符串，一般是./app</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * @return  : none</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="type">void</span> <span class="title function_">usage</span><span class="params">(<span class="type">char</span> *str)</span></span><br><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="built_in">printf</span> (<span class="string">&quot;\n%s unix_domain_file\n\n&quot;</span>, str);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h3 id="1-3-Makefile"><a href="#1-3-Makefile" class="headerlink" title="1.3 Makefile"></a><font size=3>1.3 <code>Makefile</code></font></h3><p>由于需要生成两个可执行程序，自己输命令有些繁琐，这里使用<code>make</code>来进行。</p>
<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看 Makefile 文件 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight makefile"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">## =====================================================</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Copyright © hk. 2022-2022. All rights reserved.</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># File name: Makefile</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Author   : fanhua</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Description: Makefile文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">## ======================================================</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># </span></span><br><span class="line">CC = gcc</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">DEBUG = -g -O2 -Wall</span><br><span class="line">CFLAGS += <span class="variable">$(DEBUG)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 所有.c文件去掉后缀</span></span><br><span class="line">TARGET_LIST = $&#123;patsubst %.c, %, $&#123;wildcard *.c&#125;&#125; </span><br><span class="line">all : <span class="variable">$(TARGET_LIST)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">%.o : %.c</span><br><span class="line">	<span class="variable">$(CC)</span> <span class="variable">$(CFLAGS)</span> -c <span class="variable">$&lt;</span> -o <span class="variable">$@</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta"><span class="keyword">.PHONY</span>: all clean clean_o clean_out</span></span><br><span class="line">clean : clean_o clean_out</span><br><span class="line">	@rm -vf <span class="variable">$(TARGET_LIST)</span> </span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">clean_o :</span><br><span class="line">	@rm -vf *.o</span><br><span class="line">	</span><br><span class="line">clean_out :</span><br><span class="line">	@rm -vf *.out</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h3 id="1-4-测试结果"><a href="#1-4-测试结果" class="headerlink" title="1.4 测试结果"></a><font size=3>1.4 测试结果</font></h3><p>我们执行以下命令编译链接程序，生成两个可执行文件：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">make</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后会有如下提示，并生成两个可执行文件吗，分别为服务器端程序<code>server</code>和客户端程序<code>client</code>：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">gcc -g -O2 -Wall    client.c   -o client</span><br><span class="line">gcc -g -O2 -Wall    server.c   -o server</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>对于服务器端，我们执行以下命令启动服务器进程：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">./server 1 # 随便输一个文件路径，内部通过宏固定了，所以这里这个参数并没有用处</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>对于客户端，我们执行以下命令启动客户端进程：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">./client 2 # 随便输一个文件路径，内部通过宏固定了，所以这里这个参数并没有用处</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后我们就会看到如下现象：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV06-%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B/LV06-03-%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B-11-UNIX%E5%9F%9F%E5%A5%97%E6%8E%A5%E5%AD%97/img/image-20220706144337149.png" alt="image-20220706144337149" style="zoom:50%;" />

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    <p><span>文章标题:</span><a href="/post/bda5921d.html">LV06-03-网络编程-11-UNIX域套接字</a></p>
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